Photobiomodulation (PBM) Glossary
Absorption
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The process by which light energy is taken up by tissues or molecules (like chromophores) in the body.
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)
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The energy currency of the cell, produced in mitochondria, and increased by PBM to power cellular activities.
Biostimulation
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Another term for PBM stimulating biological processes to promote healing and repair.
Chromophore
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A molecule in cells (e.g., cytochrome c oxidase) that absorbs light and starts the PBM process.
Collagen
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A protein that gives skin strength and structure. PBM can stimulate collagen production for healing and rejuvenation.
Contraindication
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A condition or situation where PBM should not be used or used with caution.
Dosimetry
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The calculation of the correct PBM dose (energy, power, and time) for a specific treatment.
Erythema
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Redness of the skin, sometimes mild and temporary after PBM.
Inflammation
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The body’s response to injury or irritation. PBM helps reduce inflammation and promote healing.
Irradiance
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The power of the light delivered per unit area, usually measured in milliwatts per square centimeter (mW/cm²).
LED (Light Emitting Diode)
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A light source commonly used in PBM devices; produces specific wavelengths of light.
Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT)
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An older term for PBM, referring to the use of low-intensity lasers for therapy.
Mitochondria
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The “powerhouse” of the cell where energy (ATP) is produced. PBM stimulates mitochondria to work more efficiently.
Neuropathy
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Nerve damage that can cause pain, numbness, or tingling. PBM can help alleviate symptoms.
Oral Mucositis
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Painful sores in the mouth, a common side effect of cancer therapy. PBM is proven to help prevent and treat it.
Photobiomodulation (PBM)
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The use of specific wavelengths of light to stimulate biological processes that reduce pain, inflammation, and promote healing.
Photoreceptor
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A molecule or cell that senses and reacts to light, triggering biological effects.
Power Density (Irradiance)
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The amount of power delivered over a specific area of tissue is key to PBM dosing.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
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Chemicals produced during stress that can damage cells; PBM helps balance ROS to promote healing.
Tissue Repair
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The body’s process of replacing damaged tissue. PBM accelerates this process.
Treatment Protocol
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A defined plan for applying PBM, including dose, frequency, and duration.
Wavelength
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The specific color of light (measured in nanometers, nm) used in PBM determines how deeply it penetrates the body.